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Supreme Court Justice Elena Kagan declined to intervene in a custody dispute involving a baby born via surrogate after the surrogate refused to terminate the pregnancy despite a diagnosis of hypoplastic left heart syndrome. The lower court's order granting custody to the biological parents, who are caring for the baby in Texas following open-heart surgery, was upheld without explanation from Kagan.

Tierra Walker, a 37-year-old pregnant woman from San Antonio, died in December 2024 after doctors allegedly refused to perform an abortion despite her experiencing seizures and blood clots. Her family filed a lawsuit against Texas Attorney General Ken Paxton and other officials, claiming that the denial of abortion caused her death and arguing that Texas' abortion ban is unconstitutional.